Some terms related to Programming

What is a Programming ?

 A programe is a sequence of instruction that specifies how to perform a computation.This computation might be somthing mathematical, such as adding two numbers or solving a equation or finding the root of a number but it can aso symbolic computation, such as searching and replacing text in a document or compiling a program.

    The details look different in different language, but a few basic instructions appear in just about every programming language.

Basic instructions-

Input:

 Get data from the keyboard, a file or some other device.

Output:

 Display data on the screen or send data to a file or other devices.

Math:

 Perform basic mathematical operatios like addition, subtraction,etc

Condition:

 Check for certain conditions and cxecute condition and execute the appropriate code.

Repetition:

 Perform some action repeatedly, usually with some variation.

Believe it or not,Every program you have ever used, no matter how complicated, is made up of instructions that lok pretty

much like these. so you can think of programming as the process of breaking a large, complex task into smaller and smaller

subtasks untill when the subtasks are simple enough to be performed with one of these basic instructions.

What is Debugging?

Programming error are called Bugs and the process of tracking them down is called Debugging.

Three types of errors can occur in a program : syntax error, runtime error, and semantic error.

1. Syntax errors

Python can only execute a program if the syntax is correct; otherwise, the interpreter display an error  message.If there is a single error anywhere in your program, python will display an error message and quit, and you will not able to run your program.

2. Runtime error

The second error is a runtime error , so called because the error does not appear untill after the program has started running. These error are also called exception because they usally indicate that something exceptional(bad) has happened.

3. Semantic error

if there is a semantic error in your program, it will run successfully in the sense that the computer will not generate any error message, but it will not do the right thing.It will do something else.

Formal and Natural Languages

Natural languages are the languages people speak, such as English,French,Spanish,Turkish and Hindi.They were not designed by people they evolved naturally.

Formal languages are languages that are designed by people for specific applications. For example, the notation that mathematicians use is a formal language that is particularly good at denoting relationships among numbers and symbols.chemists ue a formal language to represent the chemical structure of molecules.And most importantly:

  Programming languages are the formal languages that have been desinged to express computations.

 

                 THANK YOU